Martindale Abrasion & Pilling Tester, is to determine the abrasion and pilling resistance of all kinds of textile structures. Samples are rubbed against known abrasives at low pressures and in continuously changing directions. The amount of abrasion or pilling is compared against standard parameters.
The tester is also used to conduct the abrasion performance of medical protective clothing, to ensure the durability when used in medical scenarios.
You can see how it works in this link